The Welara Journal

  Heeding is an attitude you have whenever you are around your horse as much as it is a technique for communicating with him on the ground. You start heeding your horse from the first moment you connect with him whether that's walking down the barn aisle to his stall or out in a field to catch him. You maintain that attitude all the while you are grooming, while you are tacking him up, and while you are working him, whether you work him on the ground or under saddle. And it's not over til it's over. You maintain the attitude while you take his tack off, cool him out, groom him again and put him away.

  Students here at Meredith Manor learn techniques for heeding in their Training I class to give them a method for consistently and clearly communicating with their horses on the ground. But because heeding is an attitude as well as a set of techniques, it is ultimately going to apply to every interaction they will have with their horses. When students tell me they don't see how heeding has any relation to there riding, I know they haven't really figured out the big picture yet.

   I like the word "heeding" because it takes a bunch of concepts like leading and heeling and paying attention and rolls them all up together. It's not a word people hear very often so it makes them stop and think about what it means. There are several things they need think about if they want to develop the attitude of heeding:

  • Be with your horse now, now, and now. When you are with your horse, be with him every moment, every step. You have to put your total attention and focus on the horse if you want him to put his on you. You can't be grooming him and singing along with the radio or leading him and thinking about tomorrow's exam or riding him while you are focused on the way he blew his leads yesterday. You have to be with your horse now, at this moment. Not thinking about the last moment or the one that's coming. You have to be with him stride by stride by stride whether you are leading him or riding him. When you are working with your horse, you always give him your total attention now and now and now.

  • Be the dominant partner without being predatory. You need the horse's respect in order to be safe around him and to get his attention so you can train him to play whatever game it is you want to play. You have to show the horse that you are the alpha mare in your partnership and ask for his respect by being assertive and putting pressure on the horse. But you never want to use a pressure that surprises the horse or startles him or makes him "spang." When you do that, you become a predator, something to be afraid of. You never want the horse to be afraid of you. You want him to think of being with you as a comfortable, safe place to be.

  • Show the horse what you want one bite at a time. When students come into Training I, I point out to them that if I asked them to swallow a big ball of string, they would find that pretty gross. But if I take that same ball of string and feed it to them a half inch or even a quarter of an inch at a time, they could eventually swallow that whole ball of string without too much fuss. It's the same with the horse. It's our job to break the game we want to play with the horse down into the smallest bites of string we can, then to feed those to him just one at a time. No forcing, no over facing, no fuss.

  • Be horse logical when you show and ask the horse to do something. When you want the horse to learn something new, first you have to show him what you want, then you can ask for it. You show and ask the horse by methodically applying a horse-logical pressure or corridor of pressures that creates a feeling in the horse of the shape you want him to take. A horse-logical pressure is just a baby step away from something the horse already knows and it goes away when he does what you are showing or asking him to do. The horse stays calm and the reward of releasing the pressure teaches him what you want.

  • Be fair when you tell the horse to do something or enforce that request. A corridor of horse-logical pressures creates a feeling in the horse of a shape that you want him to take. Once the horse understands what shape the corridor of pressures is asking him to take, you can start telling him what to do. Telling means that, within the context of what he's already doing, just starting to create the corridor becomes enough to communicate the new shape you want the horse to take. It's not fair to tell a horse to take a shape and expect that he will do it until you are sure he knows what you are asking. But once you are sure he knows, you can enforce your corridor of pressures to remind him if he gets sloppy or contrary or lazy with stronger aids or a crop or a spur. That's fair as long as your enforcement does not startle or surprise him.

Heeding becomes a mindset that applies whether you are working with your horse on the ground or sitting on his back or sitting behind him in a wagon. You do it in your horse's stall, in an arena, in a field, on the trail, up and down your driveway, in and out of a horse trailer, or in the barn aisle when you are grooming or the farrier's there or the vet's come.

As groundwork, heeding involves some basic techniques but those techniques always have to be tempered by both the temperament and experience of the horse and the temperament and the experience of the trainer. Anybody can read a book or watch a video and pick up a few techniques. It's the attitude of heeding that helps you adapt those techniques to the individual horse and the individual situation.

If you think getting a special halter or rope or stick or pen will make you more successful at training your horse, go right ahead and get them. Those things help some people with their technique but they are not essential to the attitude. The great thing about an attitude is that it's light and portable. You can just carry it with you wherever you go.

   A biodegradable magnesium phosphate bone cement that is being investigated to repair human fractures may be a valuable veterinary tool for horse fractures. A recent study at The Ohio State University compared two bone repair cements—the new magnesium cement and a calcium phosphate cement currently used in humans—and found that the magnesium cement was effective in holding in place a broken piece of horse bone and out-performed the calcium cement in the ability to keep the piece of bone in place and to accelerate bone formation at the fracture site.
   “The demise of Barbaro struck all of us,” states Dr. Alicia Bertone, principal investigator of the 0SU research team. “Barbaro might be alive had his fractured leg healed more rapidly and avoided the destructive laminitis that occurred on his good leg. This has intensified the interest in identifying a bone cement that would help the equine community and potentially accelerate bone repair.”
   “Our research team was aware of the magnesium bone product and the calcium bone product used on the human side and decided to investigate if either or both worked on the animal side. The company marketing the magnesium product, Bone Solutions, Inc., hopes to market the product for use with animal fractures. The product is currently under FDA review as a bone void filler for use in people.”
  The OSU study involved replicating a wedge fracture in the second and fourth metatarsal bones of clinically normal horses—a total of 32 osteotomies—and then replacing the triangular fragments using the magnesium cement, the calcium cement or nothing. Radiographs were taken of the osteotomies at regular intervals during the seven-week healing period. The metatarsal bones were examined using computed tomography (CT) and bone histology for adverse reactions and for signs of healing and callus formation.
   Study results showed that, when compared to either calcium cement or no treatment, fragments affixed with the magnesium cement were significantly closer to the parent bone during all stages of healing. Mature woven bone and fibrous tissue were also more abundant in the sites treated with magnesium, indicating that healing was occurring.
   Additionally, the magnesium cement outperformed the calcium cement when it came to remaining at the fracture site. Magnesium cement stayed at the site 94 percent of the time while calcium cement persisted in only 25 percent of the treated fractures.
   While both cements were similar in handling characteristics, the researchers found that immediate adhesion was not a shared characteristic. Magnesium cement provided immediate adhesion while calcium cement did not. The calcium cement was biocompatible and provided some cementing once hardened.
   “Our research showed that the magnesium bone cement was effective in supporting internal fixation, bonding loose bone fragments, providing filler and acting as a scaffold for new bone growth in horses,” Dr. Bertone says. “Thus, if a horse suffers a fracture that results in numerous fragments or is not a candidate for surgery the veterinary community and horse owners would have additional therapy options to help these fractures heal.”
   The OSU research team was comprised of Drs. Bertone, Martin Waselau, Valerie Samii, Steven Weisbrode and Alan Litsky.